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| c. 50 |
| | | A working week of seven days is adopted in Rome, based on the seven known planets (whose names provide the days) | |
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| c. 60 |
| | | St Peter, believed to have come to Rome as leader of the Christian community, is subsequently considered the first pope | |
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| c. 60 |
| | | St Paul arrives in Rome a prisoner, but then spends two years freely preaching Christianity | |
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| 64 |
| | | A great fire in Rome is popularly believed to have been started by Nero, whom legend also accuses of fiddling while the city burns | |
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| c. 64 |
| | | Early Christian tradition states that both Peter and Paul meet death in Rome as martyrs, possibly as a result of the fire of AD 64 | |
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| 69 |
| | | A rebellion in Spain prompts such chaos that Rome has four emperors within a year, after the suicide of Nero in 68 | |
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| 70 |
| | | Titus recovers Jerusalem for Rome, after four years of Jewish rule | |
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| c. 75 |
| | | The Acts of the Apostles are written, probably by Luke – the evangelist and companion of Paul on his final journey to Rome | |
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| 98 |
| | | Trajan, succeeding to the imperial throne in AD 98, is sufficiently confident to spend a year in Germany before returning to Rome | |
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| c. 100 |
| | | A cult develops in Rome of the Egyptian goddess Isis, credited with restoring to life her hushand, Osiris, after he has been hacked to pieces | |
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